噬菌体多糖解聚酶及其应用

Introduction and applications of bacteriophage polysaccaride depolymerases

随着临床上广泛耐药菌株的检出率逐年升高,新型抗菌药物需求日益迫切。越来越多的研究者们将注意力集中到噬菌体治疗上,并在这个领域取得了较大的进展。大量的研究表明,一些噬菌体能够产生降解细菌胞外聚合物基质的多糖解聚酶,继而裂解并杀死宿主菌。该文综述了噬菌体多糖解聚酶的分类和作用方式,判断噬菌体是否产生解聚酶的方法,以及该酶在治疗细菌性感染、降解生物膜和细菌荚膜分型上的应用。

With the rising detection rate of strains with extensive drug resistance clinically, there is an increasingly urgent need of novel anti-microbial agents. More and more researchers put emphasis on bacteriophage therapy and have made great progress in this field. A large number of studies showed that some bacteriophages could produce enzymes which killed the host bacteria by degrading polysaccharides in their extracellular polymeric substances （EPS）. This review introduces the classification of phage polysaccharide depolymerases and their action mode, the methods to determine whether the phage produces depolymerases, and their applications in anti-bacterial treatment, biofilm degradation and bacterial capsule typing.