隋唐运河异名辨证

Study on the Canal's Different Appellations in Sui and Tang Dynasties

隋唐运河除正式名称外,又有很多异名,其中尤以广通渠、通济渠和邗沟异名最多。广通渠得名自广通仓,又名富民渠、富人渠,仁寿四年避炀帝讳又改为永通渠;隋时广通渠又称漕渠,这一名称在入唐后则成为运河之通称。通济渠之名并非得自洛阳通济坊,此渠在唐时多称汴渠、汴河、汴水,史籍中记载的御河一名,非通济渠专属称谓;后世记通济渠又名广济渠、通津渠,皆属误解。隋文帝所开之山阳渎实际上仅是邗沟的一部分,邗沟和山阳渎并非一个概念;唐人多称邗沟旧名,至于官河一名,亦是运河通称,非特指邗沟。

In addition to the official appellations of the Sui and Tang Canal, there aremany other appellations, especially for the Guangtong Qu, Tongji Qu and Hangou.The Guangtong Qu was named after the Guangtong Cang, also known as Fumin Qu and Furen Qu,it was changed to Yongtong Qu to avoid taboo of the EmperorYangoftheSui Dynasty. Guangtong Qu also be calledCaoQu, this name became a general term of Canal in the Tang Dynasty.The name ofTongji Qu is not derived from the Tongji Fang of Luoyang, and the name of Yuhe is also not the exclusive name of Tongji Qu.This canal goes by the name of Bianqu,Bianhe or Bianshuiin the Tang Dynasty.It is a misunderstanding to consider that Tongji Qu also named Guangji Qu and Tongjing Qu in later generations.Shanyang Du which dug by the Emperor Wen oftheSui Dynasty is only a part of the Hangou, Hangouand Shanyang Du is not the same concept.People in Tang Dynasty still useits old name of Hangou.The name of Guanhe is also not the exclusive name of Hangou.