植物生产新型生物聚合物PHB的研究进展

Research Progress on Production of Novel Biopolymers PHB in Plants

聚-β-羟基丁酸酯(polyhydroxybutyrate,PHB)是一种可完全生物降解和具有良好生物相容性的高分子材料,可作为传统塑料的替代品,在塑料、化学药品和饲料市场上具有巨大的商业应用价值。近年来,用植物生产新型生物聚合物PHB的技术取得一定进展,可望通过农业生产提供可再生的工业原料,这使得它具有广泛的发展前景。采用转基因方法可以大幅度提高用植物生产PHB的产量,包括控制启动子来驱使转基因表达,减少内源性酶在竞争性代谢途径中的活性,通过插入的基因来增加聚合物的碳含量。这些研究成果增加了我们对碳的可获取性的了解和区分不同的植物细胞器、细胞和器官类型的能力,推动了用植物生产PHB及其他产物的进展。

Poly [（R）-3-hydroxybutyrate]（PHB） is a fully biodegradable and biocompatible polymer material that can be used as a substitute for traditional plastics in the plastics, chemical and feed markets. Huge commercial application value. In recent years, some progress has been made in the production of novel biopolymer PHB in plants, which is expected to provide renewable industrial raw materials through agricultural production, which makes it has a wide range of development prospects. Increasing the yield of PHB involves controlling the promoter to drive transgene expression, reducing the activity of the endogenous enzyme in competitive metabolic pathways, and increasing the carbon content of the polymer through the inserted gene. These experimental studies have increased our understanding of carbon availability and the ability to partition different types of plant organelles, cells and organs, which are very useful for the production of PHB and other novel molecules in plants.