妊娠期糖尿病孕妇围生期母婴结局分析

Analysis of perinatal maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes

目的分析妊娠期糖尿病孕妇围生期母婴结局。方法回顾性分析2015年1月~2016年1月在本院分娩的121例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇(A组)与同期121例正常孕妇(B组)围生期母婴结局。结果 A、B两组患者的羊水情况比较,其羊水过多、羊水过少发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A、B两组产妇产后出血进行比较后,产后出血发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A、B两组胎膜早破比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);将A、B两组顺产及剖宫产率比较,其发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B两组早产儿的发生率无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组新生儿窒息、肺炎、黄疸等发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GDM孕妇更易发生巨大儿及新生儿低血糖,同时低体重儿发生率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 GDM孕妇胎膜早破、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、低体重儿较正常孕妇发生率高。

Objective To analyze the perinatal maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational dia- betes. Methods The perinatal maternal and fetal outcomes of 121 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （Group A） and 121 normal pregnant women （Group B） with gestational age labored in our Hospital of from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There was no significant differences in incidences of polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios between the group A and group B （P〉0.05）. The postpartum hemorrhage between group A and group B was compared, suggesting there was no significant difference in the incidence of postpartum hem- orrhage（P〉0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in the premature rupture of membranes between group A and group B （P〈0.01）. The rates of natural labor and cesarean section in group A and group B were compared, and there were no significant differences in the rates between the two groups（P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of preterm infants between group A and B（P〉0.05）. There were no significant differences in the incidences of neonatal asphyxia, pneumonia and jaundice between the two groups（P〉0.05）. GDM pregnant women were more prone to macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia, and the incidence of low birth weight children was higher, all with statisti- cally significant difference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidences of premature rupture of membranes, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia and low birth weight children in GDM pregnant women are higher than those of normal pregnant women.