滨州浅海沉积物中重金属的分布及潜在生态风险评价

Distribution of Heavy Metals and Evaluation of Potential Ecological Risk in Sediments at Neritic Waters in Coastal Binzhou, Shandong Province

2012年夏季(8月)利用QNC6-1型挖泥斗采样,监测山东滨州浅海11个站位表层沉积物中Zn、Cr、Cd、Cu、Pb、Hg和As 7种重金属的含量,应用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价沉积物中重金属的污染现状和潜在生态风险。结果表明:调查区域沉积物中Zn、Cr、Cd、Cu、Pb、Hg和As的含量范围分别为19.80-63.70mg/kg、27.90~38.70mg/kg、0.138~0.192mg/kg、23.10~29.50mg/kg、8.75~17.20mg/kg、0.0221~0.0384mg/kg,和8.29~10.70mg/kg,平均含量分别为(52.15±12.03)mg/kg、(32.83±3.14)mg/kg、(0.16±0.02)mg/kg、(26.50±2.11)mg/kg、(13.94±2.87)mg/kg、(0.03±0.01)mg/kg和(8.90±0.66)mg/kg;沉积物中主要潜在重金属污染因子是Cd和Cu,重金属影响因子的顺序由强至弱依次为:Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>As>Cr>Hg;重金属综合污染指数表明,该海域环境质量总体以低污染为主;各种重金属的潜在生态危害系数由大至小依次为:Cd>As>Cu>Hg>Pb>Cr>Zn,Cd为潜在生态风险因子;潜在生态风险指数平均值为(57.36±4.14),属于低潜在生态风险,表明目前滨州浅海沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险水平较低。

The contents ofZn, Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, and As were monitored in surface sediments in 11 stations in Binzhou shallow wa- ters, Shandong province, and the pollution status and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments were evaluated by Hakan- son potential ecological harm index. Results showed that the content of the heavy metals in the area was ranged from 19.80 mg/kg to 63.70 mg/kg with average level of （52.15 ± 12.03） mg/kg in Zn, from 27.90 mg/k to 38.70 mg/kg with average level of （32.83 ± 3.14） mg/kg in Cr, from 0.138 mg/kg to 0.192 rag/kg with average level of （0.16 ± 0.02 ） mg/kg in Cd, from 23.10 mg/kg to 29.50 mg/kg with average level of （26.50 ±2.11 ） mg/kg in Cu, from 8.75 mg/kg to 17.20 mg/kg with average level of （ 13.94 ± 2.87） in Pb, from 0.0221 mg/kg to 0.0384 mg/kg （0.03 ± 0.01 ） mg/kg in Hg, and from 8.29 mg/kg to 10.70 mg/kg with average level of （ 8.90 ± 0.66） mg/kg in As. The heavy metals Cd and Cu were found to be the main potential heavy metal contamination factors, with the order of Cd 〉 Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Zn 〉 As 〉 Cr 〉 Hg. Heavy metal integrated pollution index revealed that the environment quality in Binzhou shallow waters was low pollution, and that the order of all kinds of heavy metal potential ecological harm coefficient was expressed as Cd 〉 As 〉 Cu 〉 Hg 〉 Pb 〉 Cr 〉 Zn. Cd was the potential ecological risk factor, with the average potential ecological risk index of （57.36 ± 4.14）, low potential ecological risks, indicating that the level of potential ecological risk of heavy metals was low in sedi- ments of Binzhou shallow waters.