母孕期碘摄入量与新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减低症

Relationship between maternal iodine intake and congenital hypothyroidism in newborns

碘是人体必需的微量元素，是参与合成甲状腺素基本原料。先天性甲状腺功能减低症是由于甲状腺激素合成不足所导致的一种疾病。虽然我国碘化食盐的广泛应用使水、土和食物中碘缺乏地区的甲状腺肿不再流行，但是我国先天性甲状腺功能减低症的发病率并无明显下降。研究发现母孕期碘摄入量过少和过量均对新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减低症有不利的影响，母孕期适宜的碘摄入有利于减少先天性甲状腺功能减低症的发生。

Iodine is an essential trace element for human body, and it is a basic raw material for the syn- thesis of thyroid hormones. Congenital hypothyroidism is a disease caused by inadequate thyroid hormone synthe- sis. As iodized salt has been widely consumed in our country, the epidemic goiter plunged in iodine deficiency ar- eas. However, the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in China has not decreased significantly. It was found that either insufficient or excessive intake of iodine during pregnancy had adverse effects on neonatal congenital hypothyroidism, and the proper iodine intake during pregnancy will be helpful to reduce the mobility of congeni- tal hypothyroidism