纤维颗粒直接改性及应用研究

Modification and Application of Fibrous Particle

植物纤维颗粒包括木粉和草类粉末,由于化学组成上与纸浆相似,可以改性后应用于造纸工业中。以稻草粉、甘蔗渣粉和木粉为原料,实验研究了干法化学改性纤维颗粒在抄纸、染色、脱色的应用效果。这里干法化学改性主要有阳离子醚化改性、交联醚化改性和酰胺接枝改性,干法改性手段主要是直接加热,也尝试了微波诱导改性。结果表明:阳离子醚化改性时微波和直接加热都能实现纤维颗粒的干法改性,抄纸后抗张强度大幅提升;阳离子醚化的纤维颗粒可以有效吸附有色废水中染料,添加2.5 g·L-1时,脱色率达98%;抄纸时添加10%的改性木粉可以有效提高成纸染色色度。交联醚化改性木粉主要体现在纸内增强上,添加10%抄纸后,成纸环压指数、耐破指数和挺度都提高,提高幅度与阳离子醚化改性效果相当。干法酰胺接枝改性初步实验表明,15%酰胺用量下,能显著提高成纸抗张强度。纤维颗粒可以通过直接化学改性,应用于造纸过程。

Fibrous particles include wood powder and straw powder which have similar components with pulp fiber. Rice straw powder and bagasse powder, and wood powder were used as raw material in the paper. Cationic etherification, crosslinking etherification, acrylamide graft modification were examined. Modified fibrous powder were applied in paper formation, paper dying and waste water de-coloring with good results.