生态学视野下内蒙古地区特殊儿童家庭-社会支持体系的构建

The Construction of Social Support System for Families of Special Children in Inner Mongolia from an Ecological Perspective

特殊儿童的发展结果并不单纯取决于自身的身心特质,而是儿童与环境相互作用的结果。生态学理论强调以儿童成长的家庭生态为支持对象,以及良好的家庭支持对于家庭生态环境的重要意义。本研究调查了内蒙古地区三类特殊儿童的家庭社会支持情况,提出依据儿童的生存与发展,构建由微观的亲缘支持到中间系统的社区、地缘支持再到宏观的政策和社会舆论支持的特殊儿童家庭-社会支持体系。

The development of special children does not only depend on their own physical and psychological characteristics,but result from the interaction between children and the environment. Ecological theory emphasizes the family ecology which is the support for children＇s growth and the important significance of a good family support. This paper investigates three types of social support for families of special children and proposes that a social supporting system for special children ＇s families should be constructed including relatives＇ support at the micro level,community and regional support at the intermediate level and policy and public opinion support at the macro level.