铜冶炼炉渣浮选尾矿的硫酸浸出及动力学研究

Sulfuric Acid Leaching and Kinetics of Flotation Tailings from Copper Smelting Slag

尾矿的大量囤积已成为制约冶炼过程可持续发展的重要因素,从尾矿中回收有价金属元素可以降低企业资源的过度浪费,减少对周边环境的污染,同时提高资源的综合回收率。对某铜冶炼炉渣浮选尾矿采用硫酸浸出工艺进行试验,考察了初始pH、液固比、浸出时间和浸出温度对铜浸出率的影响。结果表明:在初始pH=3、浸出时间为12 h、液固比为4 m L/g、浸出温度为90℃条件下,铜的浸出率达到78.53%,H2SO4用量为23.57 kg/t,其余杂质元素浸出率较低。对铜浸出过程动力学模型研究表明,该硫酸浸出过程符号内扩散模型,反应的表观活化能为23.961k J/mol。

Tailings of hoarding has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of smelting process, recovery of valuable metals from tailings can reduce excessive waste of enterprise resources, reduce pollution to sur-rounding environment, improve comprehensive recovery of resource at the same time. Process of sulfuric acid leaching was a-dopted to treat the flotation tailings from copper smelting slag. Effects of initial pH,liquid-solid ratio,leaching time,leaching temperature on copper leaching rate were investigated. The results showed that with initial pH=3,leaching time 12 h,liquid-solid ratio 4 mL/g,and leaching temperature of 90℃,at this condition,the copper leaching rate reached 78. 53% and the con-sumption of H2 SO4 was 23. 57 kg/t,leaching rate of other impurities is relatively lower. Following study on kinetics model of copper leaching process indicated that sulfuric acid leaching was controlled by internal diffusion,with the apparent activation energy of the reaction at 23. 961 kJ/mol.