英国家事审判机构专业化改革及对我国的启示

Professional reform of family trial institutions in UK and its enlightenment to China

家事审判专业化是家事司法制度的发展方向,审判机构专业化则构成家事审判专业化的核心内容。英国从2011年家事司法审查以来,开始实行家事审判改革,设立了独立家事法院,取代了复杂的家事法庭结构,实现了审判机构专业化的进一步推进。独立家事法院在实践中运行良好,一定程度上实现了预期效果。推动审判机构专业化是各国(地区)家事司法发展的普遍选择,反映了家事司法系统的组织结构优化规律。在家事案件大量增加且日趋复杂的情况下,推进家事审判机构的专业化改革显得尤为必要。我国目前正在推进家事审判机构改革,推进家事法庭建设,并在条件成熟时探索独立家事法院建设,加强家事法庭的文化建设及配套制度建设,应成为我国改革的重要内容。

The professionalization of family trial is the direction of the development of family justice,and the professionalization of the family trial institutions plays a vital role in the professionalization of family trial. Since the family justice review in 2011,the UK has carried out the family justice reform and established the single family court,which has replaced the complex structure of family division or courts. The single family court has run well in practice,to some extent to achieve the desired results. It is a universal choice to promote the specialization of family trial institutions,which reflects the optimization of the structure of family justice system. In the case of the increasing and more complex family cases today,it is clear that the professional reform of family trial institutions is necessary. China is currently promoting the family justice reform. Carrying out the construction of family courts,constructing single family court when the conditions are beneficial,and strengthening the cultural construction as well as the relevant regulations are important in the family justice reform.