组织成员地位的形成及影响机制

Antecedents and consequences of organizational member status

组织成员地位通常是指组织内个体受组织其他成员尊重和钦佩的程度,是近些年备受关注的一个心理学构念。虽然组织成员地位与权力、阶层、面子、基于组织的自尊等概念具有一定的关联性,但它们之间存在着明显的界限。组织成员地位主要受到外在显性因素(形体特征、人口统计特征)、内在心理因素(人格、认知、情绪、行为)以及神经生理因素(睾酮激素、皮质醇激素)的影响,并能够对组织成员的认知、情绪、行为和绩效产生显著的影响。未来研究应当进一步区分组织成员地位的维度,探索组织成员地位的生物学基础和文化差异,关注组织成员地位的动态演化及其后果,并检验团队和组织层面地位分布的作用机制。

The status of an organizational member usually refers to the extent to which the individual is respected or admired by other members of the organization. It is a psychological construct that has attracted much attention in recent years. Although the status of an organizational member is related to the concepts of power, class, mianzi and organization-based self-esteem, there are clear conceptual differences among these constructs. The status of an organizational member is mainly affected by external personal factors （physical and demographic characteristics）, intrinsic psychological factors （personality, cognition, emotion and behavior） and neurophysiological factors （testosterone and cortisol）. Status also has significant impact on organizational members＇ cognition, emotion, behavior and performance. Future research should further distinguish between the unique dimensions of organizational members＇ status, explore the biological basis and cultural differences of organizational members＇ status, pay attention to the dynamic evolution of organizational members＇ status and its consequences, and examine the effects of team and organizational members＇ status distribution.