死谷芽孢杆菌S292发酵罐放大培养及其发酵液的抗菌活性

Fermenter Magnification Culture of Bacillus vallismortis Strain S292 and Anti-pathogen Activity of Its Fermentation Liquid

死谷芽孢杆菌S292(Bacillus vallismortis strain S292)是1株对多种植物病原菌具有较好抑制作用的细菌。为利用其发酵产物进行生物农药的研制,在对死谷芽孢杆菌S292摇瓶试验的基础上,对其进行发酵罐放大培养试验和发酵液的抗菌活性研究。结果表明:死谷芽孢杆菌S292在ZYBIO-1030L发酵罐放大培养试验中,20 L的装罐量,48 h种龄,7%接种量,32℃发酵温度,180 r/min的搅拌转速,培养4 d条件下,其发酵液抑菌活性最强。发酵液活性物质的紫外、日光和热稳定性较好,但对有机溶剂和强酸强碱较为敏感;对供试的15种植物病原菌均有较好的抑制作用。发酵液活性物质初步确定为蛋白、氨基酸或多肽类物质。另外,发酵液粗提物的500倍液对葡萄白腐病的田间防效为87.9%,低于对照药剂25%丙环唑乳油1 000倍液的防效(95.0%),但差异不显著,表明发酵液粗提物对葡萄白腐病具有较好的防治效果。

Bacillus vallismortis strain S292 is a bacterium with good inhibitive effect against a variety of plant pathogens. For the study and production of biological pesticide based on fermentation prod- ucts, in this experiment, fermenter magnification culture of Bacillus vallismortis strain S292 and an- ti-pathogen activity of its fermentation liquid were studied on the basis of shake flask test. The results showed that the optimal fermenter culture conditions of Bacillus vallismortis strain $292 were liquid volume 20 L, inoculum age 48 h, inoculum quantity 7%, fermentation temperature 32 ~C, stirring speed 180 r/rain, 4 days in ZYBIO-1030L fermenter. Active substances in fermentation liquid had anti-ultraviolet character and thermal stability. But it was sensitive to strong acid, strong alkali and organic reagents. Its fermentation liquid had good antagonistic effect on fifteen plant pathogenic fun- gi. Its fermentation liquid active substances were preliminarily identified as protein, amino acid or peptide by preliminary qualitative analysis experiment. In addition, field control effect of 500 times liquid of fermentation liquid crude extract to grape white rot was 87.9%, lower than the effect （95%） of EC 1 000 times liquid of 25% propiconazole, but the difference was not significant. The results indicated that the fermentation liquid crude extract had better control effect on grape white rot.