测土配方施肥对金银花产量和质量的影响

Influence on Yield and Quality of Lonicera japonica by Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization

为探讨氮、磷、钾肥对金银花产量和质量的影响,在山东临沂地区开展金银花测土配方施肥试验,设计了3个肥料因素(N、P_2O_5、K_2O),4个施肥水平(0水平:不施肥;1水平:常用施肥量0.5倍;2水平:常用施肥量;3水平:常用施肥量1.5倍),共14种配比施肥处理。结果表明,施肥处理对金银花产量的影响极显著,处理N_2P_3K_2的产量最高为391.8 g,比不施肥产量增加了37.6%;每施1 g氮、磷、钾肥分别能增加花蕾产量1.98、8.21、4.56 g;拟合了金银花单株产量与氮、磷、钾肥的肥料效应方程,其推荐施肥量为N、P_2O_5、K_2O分别施34.9~47.9、13.1~14.4、18.5~23.8 g,此时单株产量为387.0~430.3 g;氮、磷、钾肥与花蕾长度均呈正相关,其中磷肥效果显著,说明磷肥是影响千蕾重和产量的主要肥力因子,是花蕾生长发育的关键元素;不同施肥处理中,磷肥与绿原酸含量表现为正相关,且影响显著;磷肥和钾肥的协同作用与木犀草苷含量呈正相关。本研究结果为金银花氮、磷、钾合理配方施肥提供了理论参考。

In order to study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of Lonicera japonica test of soil testing and formulated fertilization was carried out in Linyi, Shandong in the paper. Overall, three fertilizer factors （N, P2O5 and K2O） are designed, together with four fertilization levels （Level 0： no fertilizer application; Level 1 ： 0.5 time as much as the common fertilizing amount; Level 2： common rate of fertilizer application; Level 3 ： 1.5 times of the common rate of fertilizer application）, totally 14 types of proportional fertilization treatments are involved. As is suggested in the findings, the fertilization treatment has a significant influence on the output of Lonicera japonica. Among them, the highest yield of N2P3 K2 reaches 391.8 g, 37.6% surpassing the control. For every gram of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applied in the field, the output of bud was increased by 1.98 g, 8.21 g and 4.56 g, respectively. The phosphorus content of soil is the primary factor restricting the honeysuckle yield. In addition, the paper formulates the fitting equation of the yield per plant of honeysuckle and fertilization effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The recommended amount of fertilizer is 34.9 47.9 g, 13.1 - 14.4 gand 18.5 - 23.8 grespectivelyforN, P2O5, andK2O, with the yield per plant being 387.0 - 430.3 g. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are all positively correlated with the length of flower bud, among which the phosphorus fertilizer displays marked influence. Apart from that, the phosphate fertilizer also constitutes key fertility factor affecting the thousand-flower bud weight, as well as key element in the growth and development of bud. In terms of different fertilization treatments, a significant positive-corre ation was observed between the contents of phosphate fertilizer and chlorogenic acid. At the same time, the synergistic effect of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is positively correlated with the content of luteolin. The study provides a theoretical reference for the rational formula fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Lonicera japonica