边境建筑工地工人艾滋病知识及高危行为影响因素研究

A cross sectional survey of HIV/AIDS knowledge,high risk behaviors and associated factors among the construction workers in China-Myanmar area

目的了解边境建筑工地工人艾滋病知识和高危行为及其影响因素,为下一步开展健康教育提供科学依据。方法在云南省中缅边境某大型水电站工地,采取整群抽取的方法,对该工地建筑工人进行问卷调查。结果共调查327名建筑工人,58.7%在30岁以上,男性占96.0%,工头和普通小工分别占19.6%和80.4%。被调查者中59.9%来自云南省外。艾滋病知识知晓率仅为64.8%,15.6%的被调查者自报最近一年发生过商业性性行为,而最近一次发生商业性性行为时,安全套使用率仅为52.9%。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度、婚姻状况、来自哪里是影响艾滋病知识知晓的主要因素;最近一年发生商业性性行为则与年龄、文化程度、工种、来自哪里有关;最近一次发生商业性性行为使用安全套的影响因素为文化程度和婚姻状况。结论建筑工地工人对艾滋病知识认知不足,商业性性行为发生比例高而安全套使用率低。当地卫生部门可根据建筑工人行为特点,制定具有针对性的健康教育方案和干预措施。

Objective To understand the associated factors of AIDS knowledge and high risk behaviors among the construction worker in the border area,and to provide scientific evidence for design and implementation of health education and promotion for this target population.Methods Construction workers were selected from a hydropower station construction site in Yunnan-Myanmar area by using cluster sampling,and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the relevant information.Results Of the 327 construction workers,58.7% were above 30 years old,96.0% male,and the foremen and ordinary laborers accounted for 19.6% and 80.4% respectively.59.9%workers were from outside of Yunnan.The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge was 64.8%.51（15.6%）had commercial sexual behavior last 12 months,and 52.9% used condom in the last commercial sex.Multivariable analysis showed that educational level,marital status and outside of Yunnan were the main factors associated with awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge.People with commercial sexual behavior last 12 months was associated with age,educational level,type of work,and outside of Yunnan.The influence factors related to condom use were educational level,and marital status.Conclusion Construction workers have a low awareness of AIDS knowledge,a high proportion of commercial sexual behavior and low condom use.The local health department should develop targeted health education programs and interventions based on the behavioral characteristics of the construction workers.