肌腱细胞外基质在组织工程肌腱构建中的应用进展

Application of tendon extracellular matrix in tendon tissue engineering

近年来,随着天然细胞外基质（ECM）成分的应用,组织诱导支架材料已成为组织工程研究的热点之一.ECM材料作为一种天然来源的材料较易从动物体内获取,且具有良好的生物相容性;同时,肌腱ECM材料可以较好地模拟天然肌腱的ECM的成分与结构,为迁入的细胞提供力学支点与分化刺激信号,并诱导细胞成肌腱分化,故采用含肌腱ECM成分制备的支架材料有望促进肌腱损伤的再生修复.总结了近年来肌腱脱细胞及制备不同形式支架的方法、肌腱ECM在组织工程肌腱构建中的应用形式以及其对种子细胞成肌腱诱导分化作用机制的研究进展;同时,提出了基于肌腱ECM材料支架制备的优化措施,以进一步提升其应用价值.

In recent years,with the application of natural extracellular matrix （ECM） components,tissueinduced scaffolds have become one of the hot topics in tissue engineering.As a natural source of material,ECM components are easily obtained from animals,and have good biocompatibility.Moreover,tendon ECM materials can well simulate the composition and structure of natural tendon ECM,and can provide mechanics fulcrum and stimulus signal for host cells so as to promote their tenogenic differentiation.Therefore,the tendon ECM components contained scaffold is expected to promote the repair and regeneration of tendon tissue.In this paper,the recent progress of tendon decellularization and preparation of different forms of scaffolds were reviewed,as well as the application of tendon ECM in the construction of tissue engineering tendons and mechanism of ECM induced tenogenic differentiation.Moreover,the optimized methods for preparing tendon ECM contained scaffolds were proposed to promote the application.