人miRNA-483与疾病最新研究进展

Recent Advances on Human miRNA-483 in Diseases

MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类内源基因编码的长度为22个左右核苷酸的单链非编码RNA,广泛存在于真核细胞中,通过作用于特异靶分子mRNA的3'-UTR,导致该m RNA直接降解或抑制其翻译过程,发挥转录后水平调控基因表达作用。人miRNA-483来源于类胰岛素生长因子2(Insulin-like growth factor 2,IGF2)的第2内含子,经加工为miR-483-3p和miR-483-5p两个成熟体形式。近几年的研究发现人miRNA-483是一种非常重要的miRNA分子,目前已通过实验验证了10余个靶基因,通过调控靶基因参与了肿瘤发生和心血管等疾病发病过程。本文对人miRNA-483参与多种肿瘤、心血管和青光眼等多种疾病过程最新的研究进展作一综述。

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous sigle-strand non-coding small RNAs with length about 22 nucleotides （nt）, widely exist in eukaryotic cells. By targeting specific mRNA Y-UTR, miRNA causes the degradation or translation inhibition of target mRNA directly, which plays the role of post transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Human miRNA-483 is an important component of the family of miRNAs, which origins from 2nd intron of insulin-like growth factor 2, mainly including miR-483-3p and miR-483-5p mature moleculars. The recent studies found that miRNA-483 is closely related to tumorigenesis and cardiovascular diseases. Up to date, over 10 target genes regulated by miR-483-3p or miR-483-5p have been identified by experiments. In this paper, we review the recent progress of miRNA-483 in tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, glaucoma and so on.