肠道微生物在脑肠轴及相关疾病中的作用

Role of intestinal microorganisms in brain-gut axis and related diseases

中枢神经和肠道神经之间的双向通信系统即脑肠轴.肠道微生物的影响不仅仅局限于肠道,还可以通过炎症反应、免疫反应等影响全身的代谢、心血管功能甚至人类行为.更为重要的是,肠道微生物通过脑肠轴的这种双向系统作用于中枢神经系统,从而对全身的代谢和行为产生影响.另外,反过来神经系统也通过脑肠轴改变肠道功能,因此肠道和中枢两者交互作用,互相影响.本文对肠道微生物及脑肠轴之间的相互作用机制作一综述,期望能对相关疾病治疗提供线索及思路.

There is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and brain, which is called the brain-gut axis. The influence of gut flora is not only limited to the gut but also expanded to the whole body including the cardiovascular system and metabolism via inflammation and immune reaction. On the other hand, the brain and gut influence each other, and the central system has an impact on the digestive system via the brain-gut axis. In this paper, we discuss the mechanism of interactions between the brain-gut axis and gut microbes, with an aim to provide ideas and clues for the treatment of related diseases.