高通量深海海水原位采样及分级过滤系统

THE LARGE VOLUME WATER TRANSFER AND GRADED FILTRATION SYSTEM FOR IN-SITU SAMPLING IN DEEP-SEA

深海悬浮颗粒物((含浮游微生物)的研究具有重要意义,但深海大洋中多数海域悬浮物的丰度很低,其研究需要较多水样(一次过滤水样超过200L,甚至达到1000L以上),传统方法用采水器采水后甲板过滤费时费力。基于此,本文研制了一种高通量深海海水采样及分级过滤装置,装置包括总成深海泵、过滤装置、数据采集与控制装置,以及支撑架体、供电部件、连接机构和流量计等辅助部件。过滤装置分三级过滤(分别放置0.22、1和5μm孔径的滤膜,并可根据需要更换组合),控制装置采用深度触发和时间触发两种工作模式,并可配套安装CTD、荧光计等海洋环境参数测量设备。针对调查站点,将若干套(如3套)高通量深海海水采样及分级过滤系统分一定间隔悬挂于深海绞车缆线上,可以同步进行相应水层的海水原位过滤,从而形成多水层同步高通量原位多级过滤,以获取浮游微生物等悬浮颗粒物样品。该原位取样系统具有多层同步高通量过滤和分级采样的特点,现已被应用于海洋科考航次中,为深海悬浮颗粒物(含浮游微生物等)的研究提供了一种简约高效的样品获取方法。

Understanding rare suspended particulate matter（including planktonic microorganisms） in the deep sea is important but difficult to sample, for which we deigned a large-sized in-situ water sampler（200—1000 L）, i.e., a large volume water transfer and graded filtration system. The system comprises of a deep-sea pump, a filtering device, data acquisition and control devices, a supporting frame, a power supply component, a connecting mechanism, and a flow meter, etc. The filtering device integrates membranes for three-graded filtration at 0.22, 1, and 5μm, and an additional membrane aperture upon the need. The control device adopts two working modes： depth trigger and time trigger. The system can be added with a CTD and a fluorescence meter, etc. In addition, for a stationed site survey, several sets（such as 3 sets） of the system can be fixed at an interval on the suspension cable to work at different depths simultaneously. The system can be applied for high-level multi-layer filtration to obtain suspended particles. The system has been applied in several marine expeditions. The development of this system provides an ideal tool for deep-sea in-situ sampling technology in China.