影响轮式拖拉机动态环境噪声测量值的因素及不确定度评定

Factors Affecting Dynamic Environmental Noise Measurement of Wheeled Tractor and Uncertainty Evaluation

拖拉机噪声性能指标是评价拖拉机产品质量的一个重要指标。为了表征轮式拖拉机动态环境噪声测量结果的合理性和可信度,减少检测过程中因背景噪声、仪器、驾驶员操作等影响因素而造成的测量误差,针对轮式拖拉机动态环境噪声测量方法,利用声级计测量装置对某一台轮式拖拉机在规定的试验场地上进行了动态环境噪声测量,研究了动态环境噪声测量过程中影响测量结果的因素,结合测量不确定度理论,分析了测量误差的主要来源,并对动态环境噪声测定后的数据进行了不确定度评定与表示,确定了动态环境噪声测量值的分散性,得出了动态环境噪声测量结果的不确定度评定报告。这为今后针对影响噪声测量因素的不同特点而采取不同的减小测量误差的控制方法及提高动态环境噪声测量数据处理的可靠性有着十分重要的意义,也为类似拖拉机整机性能试验的其他测量结果的不确定度评定提供了参考依据和方法,同时,某种程度上也表明了检测机构的测量能力水平。

In order to characterize the rationality and credibility of wheeled tractor dynamic environmental noise measurement results and reduce the measuring error caused by background noise,instrument and driver operating in the detection process based on the dynamic environment noise measurement method for wheeled tractor,using a sound level meter measuring device,the paper measured the dynamic environmental noise of a wheeled tractor in the proving ground of the earth,studied the factors which affect the measurement result in the measuring process of dynamic environmental noise,combined with the measurement uncertainty theory,analyzed the main source of measurement error,carried through the uncertainty evaluation on basis of measured data of dynamic environmental noise,determined the dynamic dispersivity of environmental noise measuring values,obtained the uncertainty evaluation report of dynamic environmental noise measuring result,and which had a great importance for improving the reliability of dynamic environmental noise data processing,provided a reference and method for uncertainty evaluation of other measurement results in similar tractor performance test,and also showed the measurement ability level of testing institutions in certain degree.