顺德地区EB病毒感染现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the infection situation and influence factors of EB virus in Shunde Region

目的了解顺德地区人群中EB病毒的流行状况及EB病毒感染的影响因素。方法于2015年4~6月对顺德地区大良、陈村、杏坛三个镇17 727名居民进行问卷调查,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测EB病毒核心抗体IgA(NA1-IgA)、EB病毒衣壳抗体IgA(VCA-IgA)水平。采用非条件Logistic回归探讨EB病毒感染的影响因素。结果共计纳入17 581人。EB病毒NA1-IgA、VCA-IgA阳性率分别为3.23%和6.76%。EB病毒感染率为9.49%。男性的EB病毒感染风险高于女性,OR值为1.15(95%CI=1.04~1.28);与<40岁年龄组比较,40~49岁年龄组感染风险降低(OR=0.86;95%CI=0.73~1.01),而50岁以后随年龄增长,感染风险增加;与小学及以下文化程度者相比,文化程度高者感染风险降低;吸烟者与非吸烟者相比,其感染风险增高(OR=1.19;95%CI=1.01~1.39)。结论顺德地区男性EB病毒感染风险高于女性,年龄与EB病毒感染风险呈"V"型关系,高文化程度是EB病毒感染的保护因素,吸烟可能是EB病毒感染的危险因素。

Objective To learn about the epidemic situation and influencing factors of Epstein-Barr virus（EBV） infection in the population of Shunde region. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on 17 727 residents of Daliang, Chencun and Xingtan town in Shunde region from April 2015 to June 2015. The level of nuclear antigen-1 IgA（NA1-IgA） and viral capsid antigen IgA（VCA-IgA） of EB virus were examined by enzyme-linked immunoassay（ELISA）. The unconditioned logistic regression was conducted to explore the influence factors of EB virus infection.Results A total of 17 581 people were selected. The positive rate of NA1-IgA and（VCA-IgA） of EB virus were 3.23%and 6.76% respectively. The infection rate of EB virus was 9.49%. Men have a higher risk of EB virus infection than women with OR=1.15（95% CI=1.04-1.28）. Compared with the group of age below 40 years old, age between 40 to 49 reached a lower risk with OR=0.86（95% CI=0.73-1.01）, while after 50 years old, the rate of infection increased continuously.Moreover, residents having a high degree of education obtained a low risk of infection rate. The infection rate of smokers was higher than non-smokers with OR=1.19（95% CI=1.01-1.39）. Conclusion The risk of EB virus infection in men is higher than women, and there is a＂V＂type of relationship between age and the risk of EB virus infection. High degree of education is a protective factor for EB virus infection, while smoke may increase the risk of EB virus infection.