湖南省农村宅基地利用效率实证评价

Empirical Evaluation of Rural Residential Land Use Efficiency in Hunan Province

通过建立农村宅基地利用效率评价指标体系,运用数据包络分析法(DEA)对湖南省12个典型村宅基地利用效率进行评价,结果显示,城中村和城郊村的宅基地利用效率整体较高,农区村的宅基地利用效率相对较低。城镇规模越大,相应的城中村和城郊村宅基地利用效率较高,平原农区村的宅基地利用效率最高。运用Tobit模型分析宅基地利用效率的影响因素,发现人均宅基地面积、经济发展水平、区位因素、人均基础设施投资额、农房出租率等对宅基地利用效率影响较为显著,宅基地使用权发证率对宅基地利用效率影响不显著。提高宅基地利用效率,重点是改革宅基地取得制度和流转制度,建立有偿有限期使用制度,完善宅基地流转制度。

Improving the utilization efficiency of homestead is an important way to save intensive use of homestead. This study establish the rural land use efficiency evaluation index system, and use the data envelopment analysis （DEA） on the 12 typical villages base to evaluate efficiency of Hunan Province. The results showed that urban villages and suburbs in the village of overall land utilization efficiency is higher, the agricultural village land-use efficiency is relatively low. The larger the size of the town, the corresponding urban village and the suburban village housing base use efficiency is higher, the rural area village of plain agriculture area utilization efficiency is highest. Using Tobit Model to analysis the influence factors of land-use efficiency, the research found that per capita land area, economic development level, location factor, infrastructure investment, housing rental rates per capita impact on land-use efficiency is significant, but the release rate of housing land-use right has no significant impact on the land-use efficiency. To improve the utilization efficiency of the homestead, the key point is to reform the system and the circulation system of the homestead, and establish the system of paying for the use of the homestead and improve the circulation system of the homestead.