淮南地区人芽囊原虫感染的流行病学调查

Epidemiology investigation of Blastocystis hominis in Huainan areas

目的 探讨淮南境内居民是否存在人芽囊原虫感染 .方法 用一次性粪盒收集受检者 (幼儿园幼儿、在校小学生、中学生和腹泻患者 )当日新鲜大便 ,用生理盐水直接涂片镜检初筛后 ,将疑似阳性的标本制片 ,分别采用碘液染色法和苏木素染色法染色 ,高倍镜下观察形态并测量大小 .用 BSA系统检测患者细胞免疫功能 .结果 共检查幼儿园幼儿、在校小学生、中学生各 1 0 0份和腹泻患者粪便 40 3份 ,人芽囊原虫检出率分别为 1 .0 % (1 / 1 0 0 ) ,1 .0 % (1 / 1 0 0 ) ,0 (0 / 1 0 0 )和5.96% (2 4 / 4 0 3) .腹泻患者人芽囊原虫检出率与正常对照相比差异显著 (P<0 .0 1 ) .其中轻度、中度、重度及顽固性腹泻患者人芽囊原虫检出率分别为 6.0 3% (1 4 / 2 32 ) ,2 .2 5% (2 /89 ) ,0 (0 / 1 7)和 1 2 .31 % (8/ 65) .男女腹泻患者人芽囊原虫阳检率分别为 7.52 % (1 7/ 2 2 6)和 3.95% (7/ 1 77) ;城乡腹泻患者人芽囊原虫阳检率分别为 4.56% (1 1 / 2 4 1 )和 8.0 2 %(1 3/ 1 62 ) ,两者相比差异均无显著性 (P>0 .0 5) .人芽囊原虫阳性者 CD3+,CD4+,CD8+阳性百分数及 CD4+/ CD8+分别为 0 .64± 0 .0 6,0 .44± 0 .0 6,0 .2 8± 0 .0 4及 1 .53± 0 .34,人芽囊原虫阴性分别为 0 .60± 0 .0 5,0 .40± 0 .0 5,0 .30±

AIM To investigate whether there exists the in fectio of Blastocystis hominis (B.h) in Huainan, Anhui Province. METHODS The fresh faeces taken from children (100), pupils (100), middle students (100) and the patients with diarrhea (403) were smeared by iodine stain and HE stain for the detection of B.h . After preliminary direct microscopy, the shape and size of B.h were detected by high power lens. The cellular immune function of the patients was detected by Biotin streptavidin (BSA). RESULTS The positive rates of B.h in fresh feces taken from the children, pupils, middle school students and the patients with diarrhea, were 1.0%(1/100), 1.0%(1/100), 0(0/100) and 5.96% (24/403) respectively. The positive rate of B.h was higher in patients with diarrhea than that in normal controls ( P <0.01). Among them, the positive rates of the patients with mild diarrhea, woderate diarrhea, severe diarrhea and obstinate diarrhea were 6.03%(14/232), 2.25%(2/89), 0(0/17) and 12.31%(8/65) respectively. The positive rates of B.h in fresh faeces of male and female were 7.52%(17/226), 3.95%(7/177), and the positive rates of B.h in urban and rural areas were 4.56%(11/241), 8.02%(13/162) respectively, there being significant difference between them ( P >0.05). The positive rates of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 +/CD8 + in blood of the people with positive B.h and negative B.h were 0.64±0.06, 0.44±0.06, 0.28±0.04, 1.53± 0.34 and 0.60±0.05, 0.40±0.05, 0.30±0.05, 1.27± 0.22 respectively, there being significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05, P <0.01). CONCLUSION B.h is a new pathogen of diarrhea in feces of patients in Huainan. It is more commonly seen in the people with chronic diarrhea and obstinate diarrhea, and is associated with the cellular immune function. The main thereunder for identified diagnosis of the disease depends on the detection of B.h in fresh feces.