基于电功图的油井动液面及产液量预测

Prediction of dynamic liquid level and liquid production rate of oil wells based on electrical diagrams

针对目前部分油田地面示功图实时采集系统不完善,维护成本高,少数油区因周边环境、气候等条件不宜安装实时采集系统,无法利用示功图实时推算油井动液面及产液量等问题,考虑曲柄实际角速度、四连杆机构的惯性、摩擦等因素,推导了基于电机电功图的光杆示功图计算模型,并运用一维带Gibbs阻尼波动方程求解泵功图,分析泵功图曲线各点曲率,确定固定阀和游动阀开闭点位置,形成了基于电功图的抽油机井动液面及产液量预测模型,并编制了计算软件。油田现场10口不同工况油井的计算分析结果表明,基于电功图的油井动液面及产液量计算模型具有较高的精度,能够实现油井动液面及产液量的实时、准确计量,提高了油井生产分析的智能化,有利于油井实时优化运行和增效。

There are imperfect real - time acquisition system of ground dynamometer card and high maintenance cost in some oilfields. Because of without the real - time acquisition system in minority oil - production area due to unfavorable environment, climate and other issues, the dynamic liquid level and liquid production rate can not be predicted on real - time. Aiming at these problems, considering influencing factors of the actual angular velocity of crank, the inertia and friction of four - bar mechanism, etc. , a new model was proposed for calculating surface dynamometer cards based on electrical diagrams. The pump dynamometer card was calculated by using Gibbs＇ s one dimensional damped wave equation. And then the positions of opening and closing points of travel and fixed valves were defined by analyzing the curvature of the pump dynamometer card. Finally, a new model was established for predicting the dynamic liquid level and liquid production rate based on electrical diagrams , and a set of calculating software was compiled. From 10 wells under different working conditions, the calculation and analysis results indicated that this model has high accuracy, and can predict the dynamic liquid level and liquid production rate on real - time, improving the intelligence of oil wells production analysis, which is beneficial to optimizing operation of oil wells on real - time.