基于植物区系的雷州半岛天然林群落树种特征研究

Study on tree species characteristics of natural forest community in Leizhou peninsula based on flora

传统涉及植物区系和重要值的研究思路通常先分析该地区的植物区系组成,然后再分析该区域某个区系中某个优势种的重要值。该种思路存在未能完全同时反映不同区系不同植物物种参与群落构建和其在群落中的地位等缺陷。为了解决上述问题,构建物种群落指数,以雷州半岛天然季雨林的木本植物为对象开展研究。基于雷州半岛8个区域的80个20 m×20 m固定样地的实测数据,通过植物区系+重要值的方式构建物种群落指数开展研究。(1)湛江云脚村群落、湛江湖光岩、雷州鹰峰岭、雷州足荣村、徐闻双洋村、廉江高桥和廉江谢鞋山皆以热带区系分布为主导,数值皆大于0.8以上。廉江根竹嶂地理位置特殊,以9区系东亚和北美洲间断分布为主,数值接近0.5。(2)第2区系树种在雷州半岛群落树种组成和构建中处于优势地位,最高值为0.4261,朴树和鹅掌柴为优势种;第3区系树种和第6区系树种处于劣势地位;第4区系树种处于优势地位,最高值为0.3339,橄榄为优势种;第5区系树种处于优势地位,最高为0.3787,阴香和樟树为优势种;第7区系树种在雷州半岛地区群落内分布较为均衡,普遍适应各个样地。本研究表明,雷州半岛地区带有明显的热带性区系特征;物种群落指数能够较好的体现雷州半岛样地各个区系树种在植物群落组成的特征。

Traditional literature on regional flora and important values was used to select the flora and important values for this research. Usually, the research design for such studies is to first analyze the composition of flora in the region and then analyze the important value of a dominant species in the regional flora. However, such design is not intuitive enough and cannot fully reflect the different flora of different species in the community composition and participate in community building, such as defects. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, we calculated the species community index for woody plants in the natural seasonal forests in Leizhou Peninsula.The data were obtained from different areas of eight fixed natural forest plots in Leizhou Peninsula. The species community indexes were calculated, with plant floristic composition and important values, to analyze the plant community composition for the plots. （1） The Yunjiao village and Huguang area in Zhanjiang, Yingfeng ridge and Zurong village in Leizhou, Shuangyang village in Xuwen, and Gaoqiao village and Xiexie mountain in Lianjiang showed a dominant tropical flora distribution, with species community indexes greater than 0.8. The Genzhuzhang mountain peak in Lianjiang was a unique location, in that the dominant species were from flora 9, with species community index close to 0.5.（2）The species community index of flora 2 in the Huguang area in Zhanjiang was the highest （0.4261）, with Leucaena leucocephala and Celtis sinensis as the dominant species. The flora 3 and flora 6 species were at a disadvantage in the species community. The species community index of flora 4 was at a dominant position in the community, with the highest value of 0.3339 and olive as the dominant species. Flora 5 was also in a dominant position, with the highest species community index of 0.3787 and Cinnamomum burmannii and Cinnamomum bodinieri as the dominant species. The tree species distribution of flora 7 in the Leizhou Peninsula community was more balanced and generally adapted to the various plots. Our research showed that the Leizhou Peninsula showed distinct tropical flora characteristics. The species community index can better reflect community characteristics of the floristic species in the plant community composition.