白花蛇舌草与水线草及纤花耳草的鉴别

Identifications of Baihuasheshecao (Herba Hedyotis Diffusae),Shuixiancao (Herba Hedyotidis Corymbosae) and Xianhuaercao( Rubiaceae Hedyotis Tenelliflora)

在显微镜下,白花蛇舌草粉末,果皮表皮细胞表面观多角形,直径约75μm;导管梯纹、具缘纹孔或螺纹;种皮表皮细胞淡棕色,直径15~50μm,密布淡黄色小点。草酸钙针晶成束或散离存在于长圆形的薄壁细胞中,簇晶大小不一,天花粉粒类球形,表面具细网状雕文。水线草粉末,果皮表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲,直径约80μm;种皮表皮细胞垂周壁微弯曲,表面无黄色小点。草酸钙成束,天花粉粒表面无网状雕纹。纤花耳草粉末,种皮表皮细胞较小,直径10~30μm,垂周壁弯曲,天花粉粒直径18~20μm,表面无网状雕纹,针晶长约110μm。使用时应注意区分,以保证临床安全用药。

Under the microscope,the epidermal cells of the peel of Baihuasheshecao （Herba Hedyotis Diffusae） powder are poly- gons with diameter of 75 μm;duct scalariform marking, bordered pit or screw-thread;the epidermal cells of the seed coat are light brown with diameter of 15 -50 μm and spread with light yellow spots, needle-like calcium oxalate crystals spread or exist in the long-round parenchyma cells in fasciation with cluster crystals of different sizes, and the pollen grains are similar to ball shape with fine-net glyphs on the surface. The epidermal ceils of the peel of Shuixiancao （Herba Hedyotidis Corymbosae） are with sinu- ous anticlinal walls and diameter of 80um. The epidermal cells of the seed coat with anticlinal walls are with slight waves, no yellow spots on the surface. The calcium oxalate is fasciation in shape,the surface of the pollen grains is without net-like glyphs. The seed coat cells and epidermal cells of Xianhuaercao （Rubiaceae Hedyotis TeneUiflora） powder are of little size with diameter of 10 -30 μm,anticlinal walls;the pollen grains are 18 -20 μm and there is no net-like glyphs on the surface;the length of the raphide is about 110 μm. In clinical application, identifications should be made for the sake of safe use of drugs.