生酮饮食疗法治疗儿童难治性癫痫作用机制研究进展

Advance of mechanism of ketogenic diet in refractory childhood epilepsy

生酮饮食（KD）是治疗儿童难治性癫痫的一种辅助疗法，近年来大量临床实践及研究证实其确有一定疗效。虽然有关KD抗癫痫作用机制的研究已有不少发现，但迄今尚未找到与临床疗效相关的明确的生物靶点。现针对KD本身的生化特性及其引发的代谢改变（包括对神经元γ－氨基丁酸能、谷氨酸能、ATP敏感的钾离子通道和嘌呤能代谢的作用等），对KD治疗儿童难治性癫痫的作用机制及最新进展进行综述。

Ketogenic diet（KD）has an auxiliary treatment for refractory epilepsy.It is recently demonstrated by clinical practice and researches that KD is effective in some children with refractory epilepsy.Despite much progress has been made on the anticonvulsant mechanisms of KD, no biological target related to clinical efficacy has been found so far.The biochemical characteristics of KD and its metabolic changes are discussed（including the roles of neuronal γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, ATP sensitive potassium channels and purine metabolism, and so on）. The mechanism and recent progress of KD in the treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy are reviewed.