乡土建筑营造技艺特征与传承探讨——以纳西族地区为例

The Immaterial Building Craftsmanship of Vernacular Architecture and Its Inheritance: A Case Study of the Naxi Area

乡土建筑营造技艺作为非物质对象,承载于人并通过技艺实践过程得到显现和传承,呈现出本体的不唯一性。在乡土社会中,相互间充分理解认同的"营造共同体"促成了技艺和地方性语境之间的密切关联,使其在不同地域之间形成差异而具有多样性;乡土社群提供了营造活动所需的各类资源,通过复杂的交换网络促使技艺在地域内部形成具有一致性的特征。乡土建筑营造技艺深深地"嵌入"在乡土社会日常生活的语境之中,只有依托乡土社会的存续才能作为真正的活态遗产而不断存续。

The immaterial building craftsmanship of vernacular architecture is carried by local craftsmen and manifested and inherited through practice. In vernacular society, the ‘building community＇ with full mutual understandings among its members fosters the close link between craftsmanship and the local social context, which creates the differences and the diversity of different territories. As the vernacular community provides the resources for building activities, consistency of the building craftsmanship in the territory is developed through complicated exchange networks. The vernacular building craftsmanship is deeply embedded in the context of the daily life of the vernacular society, and can realise its own sustainability and vitality only within the sustainability of vernacular society.