超疏水聚硅氧烷/聚氨酯海绵的制备及其油水分离特性的研究

Fabrication of superhydrophobic polysiloxane/polyurethane sponge and its oil-water separation

利用甲基三氯硅烷通过溶液浸泡法将聚硅氧烷涂覆在聚氨酯海绵三维骨架基体表面,成功制备了超疏水聚硅氧烷/聚氨酯海绵.通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、接触角及吸油能力的测试方法,对改性前后的聚氨酯海绵进行了表征.结果表明,复合材料与水的接触角达到152°,对各类油品及有机溶剂的吸油能力达到自身质量的30~35倍,具有超疏水超亲油特性和油水混合物选择性能.另外,所制备的复合材料还具备优异的耐腐蚀性能和重复使用性能.

The superhydrophobic polysiloxane/polyurethane sponge was successfully prepared by using a solution immersion method to coat the surface of the three-dimensional framework of polyurethane sponge. The polyurethane sponge before and after modification was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, contact angle and oil absorption test. The results show that the as-prepared sponge possessed excellent superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity and exhibited a high water contact angle of 152°. The resulted sponges exhibited a high oil-absorption capacity for various oils and organic solvent and shown oil-adsorption capacities up to 30-35 times of its own weight. In addition, the superhydrophobic sponge can resist acid and alkali attacks and have good reusability.