环渤海区域海洋碳汇市场建设的法律路径

Legal Path for Construction of Marine Carbon Sink Market within Bohai Rim Region

海洋蕴藏了巨大的碳汇资源,我国在环渤海区域进行开发具有光明前景。一方面,对海洋碳汇科学认识的提高,生态系统服务有偿理念的引入,以及国家气候责任的发展,都为海洋碳汇这一新兴市场的建设奠定了重要的理论基础;另一方面,国际组织、域外国家和地区在海洋碳汇标准和市场规则领域的探索,也为环渤海地区提供了实践借鉴。环渤海地区完全可以通过跨区域合作的方式,将海洋碳汇市场纳入到国家统一碳市场体系建设之中,在法律路径中采取地方立法推进模式,构建海洋碳汇市场的地方性法规和规章与国际环境条约以及国家海洋法律的协调机制,并重点完善海洋碳汇市场建设中碳汇抵消的核算、特殊环境影响评价、市场交易与监管规则等关键性制度安排。

The ocean has already contained the important marine carbon sink resources, and there will be a ever-bright prospect for development in the Bohai rim region. On the one hand, the scientific cognition of the marine carbon sink, introduction of ecosystem service payment mode, and the development of national climate responsibility,have provided significant theoretical foundation. On the other hand, the preliminary exploration of international organization, foreign countries and regions in the field of marine carbon sequestration standards and market rules also provides a useful practical reference for the Bohai rim region. The local governments within Bohai rim region should intensify regional cooperation, and bring the marine carbon sink market into the construction of a unified national emission trading scheme, through legal path to take local legislation for promotion of marine carbon market, as well as coordination mechanism among local laws and regulations, International environmental treaties and national marine laws. Additionally, local government should focus on improving the MRV rules, special EIA procedures, and critical market supervision and trade system.