合江金钗石斛不同品系农艺性状比较与品质分析

Agronomic and Quality Traits of Different Dendrobium nobile Lines in Hejiang

目的：对合江金钗石斛3个品系（JC-1，JC-2，JC-3）主要农艺性状与品质进行比较，为合江金钗石斛生产提供指导，为金钗石斛新品种选育提供参考依据。方法：用直尺、游标卡尺和分析天平等测定了合江金钗石斛的主要农艺性状与产量性状；采用苯酚-硫酸比色法和酸性染料比色法分别测定茎中多糖与总生物碱含量。结果：2年生的JC．1在茎节数、节间长、茎鲜重与茎干重方面表现最佳。从茎长来看，无论是1年生，2年生还是3年生，均表现为JC-1〉JC-2〉JC-3。茎粗则随着年限的增长而增粗，jc-2粗于JC-1和Jc-3，且Jc-2从2年生到3年生这个阶段增长迅速。折干率均表现为2年生大于1年生与3年生，JC-1的折干率远大于Jc-2与JC-3。JC-3株型最小，折干率最低。在有效成分含量方面，多糖质量分数为JC．1（4．64％）〉JC-2（3．02％）〉jc·3（2．20％）；总生物碱质量分数为Jc·3（0．59％）〉JC-2（0．48％）〉JC-1（o．45％），但折算为茎鲜品中多糖与总生物碱含量均为JC-1最高。结论：综合生产及品质等角度，笔者认为合江金钗石斛品系JC．1最适合推广种植。

Objective： To compare the main agronomic and quality traits of three Dendrobium nobile lines （JC-1, JC-2, and JC-3） in Hejiang, provide guidance for their production, and provide reference for breeding of new varieties. Method： The straight ruler, vernier caliper and analytical balance were used to measure the main agronomic and quality traits of D. nobile lines in Hejiang; and the contents of polysaccharides and total alkaloids in stems were determined by phenol sulfuric acid colorimetry and acid dye colorimetry respectively. Result： The results showed that one-year-old stem had the longest length in each individual plant. Stem diameter increased with the growth of life, and the two-year-old stem had the highest drying percentage. The stem length, stem fresh weight and dry weight of JC-1 and JC-2 were much higher than those in JC-3. As for quality traits, the content of polysaccharide was JC-1 （4.64%） 〉 JC-2 （3.02%） 〉 JC-3 （2.20%）, and the total alkaloids content was JC- 3 （0.59%） displayed the 〉 JC-2 （0.48%） 〉 JC-1 （0.45%）. However, the JC-1 with highest amount fresh weight also highest total alkaloids content by calculating its stem drying percentage. Conclusion： In conclusion,after considering the fresh weight, dry weight, the polysaccharide content and total alkaloids content all at the same time, we suggest JC-1 is the most suitable lines for planting.