HS-SPME-GC-MS测定洋甘菊不同部位挥发性成分

Analysis of Volatile Components in Different Parts of Matricaria chamomilla by HS-SPME-GC-MS

目的：分析比较洋甘菊不同部位挥发性成分。方法：采用顶空固相微萃取法（Hs．SPME），通过单因素考察依次筛选固相微萃取纤维头、样品量、萃取温度、萃取时间、解吸附时间，得到最佳萃取条件。以该条件萃取洋甘菊不同部位挥发性成分，结合气相色谱一质谱联用法（GC-MS）测定其化学成分，并采用面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。结果：以7种主要挥发性成分为指标考察得到了最佳萃取条件，即固相微萃取纤维头为PDMS／DVB型，样品量0．5g，萃取温度80℃，萃取时间10min，解吸附时间1rain。从洋甘菊中鉴定出挥发性成分66个，全草、花、根、茎、叶中分别鉴定出挥发性成分40，31，27，29，35个，分别占挥发性成分总峰面积的84．58％，90．27％，82．41％，87．36％，82．10％。结论：洋甘菊不同部位挥发性成分含量（以总峰面积计）由高到低依次为叶〉全草〉花〉茎〉根；不同部位含共有成分14个，花与全草含共有成分25种，分别占花与全草中已鉴定成分总含量的98％和88％。实验结果为洋甘菊以全草人药提供了化学物质依据。

Objective： To analyze and compare the volatile components in different parts of Matricaria chamomilla. Method： The optimum extraction conditions were selected by single factor experiment （the solid phase microextraction fiber head, the sample amount, the extraction temperature, the extraction time and the desorption time） with headspace solid phase microextraction （HS-SPME） method. The chemical compositions in the volatile components extracted with this method from different parts of chamomile were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） , and their relative mass fraction of each component was determined by area normalization method. Result： The optimum extraction conditions were investigated with 7 major volatile components as indicators. The solid phase microextraction fiber head was PDMS/DVB type; the sample amount was O. 5 g; the extraction temperature was 80 ~C ; the extraction time was 10 min; and the desorption time was 1 min. Furthermore, 66 volatile components in M. chamomilla were identified, and 40, 31, 27, 29 and 35 volatile components respectively from the whole herb, flowers, roots, stems and leaves of M. chamomilla, accounting for 84.58% , 90.27% , 82.41% , 87.36% and 82. 10% of the total peak areas. Conclusion： The content of volatile components （calculated by the total peak areas） in different parts of M. chamomilla ranged from high to low：leaves 〉 whole herb 〉 flowers 〉 stems 〉 roots. There were 14 common components in all these parts and 25 common components between flowers and whole herb, accounting for 98% and 88% of the identified components in flowers and whole herb respectively. Therefore, the experimental results provide the chemical basis for using the whole herb of M. chamomilla as Uygur medicine.