中国铁线莲属民族药用植物研究整理

Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Chinese Clematis Plants

目的：对我国铁线莲属民族药用植物进行系统整理，为该属药用植物资源的深度开发提供依据。方法：系统查阅各种民族医药典籍，并进行统计和分析。结果：①中国地区有约49种铁线莲属植物在29个少数民族作利尿通淋、祛风止痛药物使用，多以全草或根入药，部分用藤茎；②这些民族药用铁线莲属植物在植物分类系统中集中在尾叶铁线莲亚属的尾叶铁线莲组和欧洲铁线莲亚属的威灵仙组；③化学成分主要包括三萜皂苷、黄酮、木脂素。现代药理研究表明其多具有镇痛、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗关节炎等作用，与传统功效一致；④多数无药材标准，部分有药材标准的除历版《中国药典》收载品种外，均较粗浅。结论：我国铁线莲属民族药用植物在药效物质基础、药理活性、质量标准、引种栽培等方面的研究均薄弱，严重制约了其进一步的开发利用。深入开展上述研究工作，为合理利用铁线莲属植物资源奠定基础。

Objective： To systemically explore the ethnopharmacological resources of Chinese Clematis plants, and provide scientific basis for its sustainable utilization. Method： A variety of herbal books, literature and data were consulted for statistics and analysis. Result： ①Our investigations indicated that 49 species have been used as diuretic, wind expelling and pain relieving drugs in 29 minorities of China, mostly with the whole plant and roots as the main medicinal parts, and stems are also used sometimes. ②These medicinal plants are mainly distributed in Sect. Clematis of Subgen. Clematis and Sect. Viorna of Subgen. Viorna. ③The plants in this genus have a wide spectrum of constituents, mainly including triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids and lignans are the main components. Modern pharmacological studies show that most of them have analgesic, diuretic, anti-tumor and anti- arthritic effects, consistent with the traditional effects. （~The quality control of Clematis medicinal plants has made considerable progress, but the overall level is relatively low. Conclusion： For the development of our pharmaceutical industry, it is important to further study these ethnic medicinal plants＇ pharmacodynamic material basis, pharmaceutical activity, and standard planting technique, which can provide basis for reasonable utilization of Clematis medicinal plant materials.