基于DEA方法的我国机场运行效率评价

Evaluation of Airport Operation Efficiency Based on DEA Method

采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法中的BCC模型、Malmquist生产力指数分别从静态、动态角度全面评价机场的运行效率。重点分析我国2015年旅客吞吐量在1 000万人次以上机场的业务量和机场基础设施之间的效率关系。研究发现,我国机场的运行效率整体较好,综合技术效率均值达到0.898;但是部分机场基础设施运行效率不高,相对效率只有0.585,这些机场存在基础设施资源投入不合理的现象。通过对机场基础设施运行效率的评价,可以了解机场的运行效率水平,并针对性的指出了机场效率的改进方向,同时可以作为机场科学进行改扩建的建议。

This paper adopted BCC model and Malmquist productivity index from data envelopment analysis（DEA） method to evaluate horizontally and vertically the airport operation efficiency. It mainly evaluated airports with more than 10 million passenger throughput in 2015 in China by analyzing the efficient relationship between the volume of business and airport infrastructures. The study found that operating efficiencies of airports with more than 10 million passenger throughput in 2015 in China are basically good with the mean value of comprehensive technical efficiency reaching 0.898. The operating efficiency of airport infrastructures of some airports is not high with the relative efficiency being only 0.585, which has been caused by unreasonable resource investments of airport infrastructures. Through the empirical analysis of airport operating efficiency, it finds out the operation efficiency of the airports and points out the improvement direction of the airport efficiency, which at the same time can be served as scientific guidance for the airport reconstruction.