基于出行需求时空分布的出租车停靠站选址方法

A Location Method for Taxi Stands Based on Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Travel Demands

为提高出租车运营效率,改善出租车经营效益,满足出行者出行需求,使出租车停靠站布局与出租车出行需求更匹配,针对出租车停靠站的选址方法研究十分必要。首先基于相关调查数据,分析了出租车出行需求的时空分布特征,界定并提出了出租车出行需求热点分布,分析了出行需求和城市形态的协调性关系。建立了出租车停靠站选址模型,将最大覆盖出行需求作为目标函数,以要求达到的停靠站载客能力、停靠站数量及服务范围等为约束条件,在选址位置、计划修建数量、站点服务能力等方面分析了模型的适用条件。针对柳州市的实例分析表明,该方法可以较好地满足出租车出行需求,具有较高的合理性与可行性。

In order to improve taxi operation efficiency, promote taxi management benefit, meet travel demands of taxi passengers and match the location of taxi stands with taxi travel demands, it is pretty necessary to research the location method of taxi stands. Based on relevant survey data, this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of travel demands, put forward the hotspots of travel demands, and studied the coordination relationship between travel demands and urban morphology. Then, on the basis of travel demands, a covering location model was established. By taking the maximal covering travel demands as the objective function, and considering the service capacity, construction quantity and service area and other factors as constraint conditions,the applicable conditions of the model were analyzed in terms of site selection, planned quantities and service ability. Finally, taking the survey on location of taxi stands in Liuzhou as an example, the research results show that the location method can better meet travel demands, and the rationality and effectiveness of the method are verified.