辽宁省城市职工健康社会因素调查与分析

Survey and Analysis of Social Factors of Health among Staff of Urban Workers in Liaoning Province

目的了解城市职工健康状况及社会因素对健康的影响,为制定健康教育相关策略提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取辽宁省丹东市和营口市18~60岁城市职工2 500人,进行问卷调查。结果共回收有效问卷2 448份。城市职工自测健康状况得分(84.37±13.72)分。多元线性回归显示,家庭收入满意度低(B=-2.923,P=0.019,95%CI:-5.360^-0.485)、平均每日工作时间长(B=-3.749,P=0.023,95%CI:-6.981^-0.518)、领导认可度差(B=-3.688,P=0.014,95%CI:-6.608^-0.768)、工作满意度低者(B=-2.012,P=0.034,95%CI:-3.869^-0.156),自测健康状况得分低;家庭越和睦(B=3.105,P=0.017,95%CI:0.565~5.645)、社会支持度种类越多(B=2.684,P=0.003,95%CI:0.926~4.442),自测健康状况得分越高。结论辽宁省城市职工中,影响健康的社会因素包括家庭收入满意度、平均每日工作时间、领导认可度、工作满意度和社会支持度等。

Objective To explore the social factors of health among staff of urban workers in Liaoning province and to provide scien- tific evidence for preparing propagation strategies. Methods Two thousand five hundred urban workers were surveyed using stratified, random sampling in Dandong city and Yingkou city of Liaoning province. The participants were investigated through questionnaires. Results Two thousand four hundred forty eight valid questionnaires were obtained. The self-rated health score of the respondents was 84.37 ＋ 13.72. The results of multiple linear reason showed that those with low family income satisfaction （B = -2.923 ,P = 0.019,95% CI：-5.360--0.485） ,many working hours per day （B = -3.749,P = 0.023,95% CI：-6.98--0.518） ,poor leadership （B = -3.688,P = 0.014,95% CI：-6.608--0.768） ,and low job satisfaction （B = -2.012,P = 0.034,95% CI：-3.869--0.156） had lower self-rated health scores. However,those with more harmonious families （B = 3.105,P = 0.017,95% CI：0.565-5.645） and types of social support （B = 2.684,P = 0.003,95% CI：0.926-4.442） had higher self-rated health scores. Conclusion Social fae^nrs affecting health among staff of urban workers in Liaoning province are family income satisfaction ,working hours per day ,leadership approval degree ,job satisfaction, social suoport and others.