自然灾害应急安置点设置模式初探

Research on the Setting Mode of Natural Disaster Temporary Settlements

首先总结梳理了避险转移安置阶段、应急转移安置阶段和过渡转移安置阶段等3个转移安置阶段的特点以及应急安置点的基本类型。随后,以应急安置人员救助需求满足度为基础,提出应急安置点设置的评价层次、指标及其评价内容。最后,综合考虑灾害类型、安置阶段、安置时间、安置规模、区域类型、户外的气象条件,安置场所情况及设置层次等,提出应急安置点设置模式。

Relocation of disaster victims and their properties has proved to a useful way to reduce the casualties and economic losses from a natural disaster. We first puts forwards a general rule of setting temporary settlements based on a systematic analysis of relocation process and the characteristics in different stages. After that a three-level model was setup including： fundamental,preferable and perfect levels for measuring the satisfactory of temporary settlements. Then the setting mode of disaster temporary settlements was provided by considering the disaster types,settlement phase,scale of relocation,and regional characterizes etc. Finally,how to improve the disaster relief is suggested based on the settlement modes.