神经肌肉电刺激治疗产后早期会阴瘢痕疼痛的疗效观察

Observation on the effect of neuromuscular stimulation on postnatal early perineal scar pain

目的探讨神经肌肉电刺激在产后早期会阴瘢痕疼痛治疗中的应用效果。方法选取产后早期会阴瘢痕疼痛患者60例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各30例，对照组给予常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上应用神经肌肉电刺激治疗。观察比较2组产妇产后第42天、产后3、6、9个月时会阴疼痛及瘢痕情况。结果观察组产后第42天、3、6,9个月时的疼痛评分分别为（4．93±0．83）、（3．40±0．77）、（2．50±0．68）、（2．00±0．64）分，对照组分别为（4．83±1．02）、（4．53±0．78）、（4．47±1．01）、（3．93±0．69）分，其中产后第42天的疼痛评分差异无统计学意义（t=0．417，P〉0．05），3、6、9个月时的疼痛评分差异有统计学意义（t=-5．678、-8．850、-11．212，均P〈0．05）；观察组产后第42天、3、6、9个月时的瘢痕评分分别为（5．73±0．83）、（5．20±0．66）、（5．00±0．74）、（4．60±0．72）分，对照组分别为（5．60±0．81）、（5．50±0．68）、（6．00±0．98）、（5．80±0．92）分，其中产后第42天和产后3个月时的瘢痕评分差异无统计学意义（t=0．629、-1．725，均P〉0．05），产后6、9个月时的瘢痕评分差异有统计学意义（t=-4．447、-5．596，均P〈0．05）。结论神经肌肉电刺激可缓解产妇产后会阴瘢痕疼痛，促进瘢痕软化，减轻瘢痕增生。

Objective To investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the treatment perineal scar pain in early postpartum. Methods A total of 60 cases of early postpartum perineal scar pain were divided into the observation group and the control group with 30 cases in each group by random digits table method. The control group was given routine nursing. The observation group was treated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the basis of routine nursing. The pain and scar of perineum were observed and compared between the 2 groups on the 42nd day, 3rd month, 6th month and 9th month postpartum. Results The pain scores of the observation group on the 42nd day, 3rd month, 6th month and 9th month postpartum were 4.93±0.83, 3.40±0.77, 2.50±0.68, 2.00±0.64 respectively, the pain scores of the control group were 4.83±1.02, 4.53±0.78, 4.47±1.01 and 3.93±0.69 respectively. There was no statistically significant differences in pain score between the two groups on 42nd day postpartum （t= 0.417, P〉0.05）, but there were statistically significant differences in pain scores between the two groups on the 3rd, 6th, 9th months postpartum （t=-5.678,- 8.850,-11.212, all P〈0.05）.The scar scores of the observation group on the 42nd day, 3rd month, 6th month and 9th month postpartum were 5.73±0.83, 5.20±0.66, 5.00±0.74, 4.60±0.72 respectively, the sear scores of the control group were 5.60±0.81, 5.50±0.68, 6.00±0.98, 5.80±0.92 respectively, there was no statistically significant differences in scar score between the two groups on the 42nd day and 3rd month postpartum （t=0.629, - 1.725, all P 〉 0.05）, but there was statistically significant differences in scar score between the two groups on the 6th and 9th months postpartum （t =-4.447, -5.596, all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Neuromuscular electrical stimulation can relieve the pain of maternal postpartum perineal scar, promote scar softening and reduce scar hyperplasia.