肛周脓肿中医病名溯源

Traceability of perianal abscess on TCM disease names

文章通过搜集相关古籍及现代医家论著,梳理出先秦两汉时期到明清时期中医对于肛周脓肿病名变化的脉络,以达到对肛周脓肿中医病名溯源的目的。由此得出,古籍文献中出现的肛周脓肿中医病名有9种之多,出现次数较为频繁的为悬痈及脏毒两个病名,在查阅的20本肛周脓肿相关古籍中,悬痈出现次数为11次,脏毒出现次数为5次,而肛痈仅在《医门补要》出现1次,但其却被各大医家认同并一直沿用至今。另外,《黄帝内经》中提出的"锐疽"一病名,相当于现代医学所讲的"藏毛窦囊肿",是一种先天异常性疾病,其发病部位及发病的属性均与"肛周脓肿"有较大差异,所以不应再归属于肛周脓肿的中医病名范畴之内。

Through the collection of relevant ancient books and modern medical writings, the changes of disease names from pre-Qin and two Han dynasties to the Ming and Qing dynasties for perianal abscess in the context were sorted out, achieving the purpose of tracing perianal abscess＇ names. Thus, perianal abscess＇s names of Chinese medicine appeared in the ancient literature were as many as 9 kinds, and the most frequent two disease names were Huiyin abscess and anal cryptitis. In the 20 ancient books associated with perianal abscess, Huiyin abscess appeared 11 times, anal cryptitis appeared 5 times, and anal carbuncle only appeared once in the Canon of Internal Medicine, but it had been recognized by the major doctors and is still used today. Moreover, the ＇coccygeal carbuncle＇, a disease name proposed in the Huangdi Neijing, is equivalent to ＇pilonidal sinus cyst＇ in modern medicine. It is a congenital anomaly disease, and themorbid site andproperties are quite different with ＇perianal abscess＇. Therefore, it should not be included in the scope of Chinese medicine on the perianal abscess.