超声在电弧焊接中的应用

Application of Ultrasonic in Arc Welding

超声场作为一种高效清洁的物理场在电弧焊接中具有越来越多的应用。在电弧焊接过程中,引入超声,可以有效改善电弧形态、熔滴过渡以及焊缝组织,最终提高焊接接头力学性能。超声在电弧焊接过程中的应用特点主要与超声施加方法有关,不同的超声施加方法具有不同的特点,根据不同的超声施加方法可将超声电弧复合焊接分为不同类型。主要综述了电弧超声技术、超声与电弧同轴复合、超声作用于焊丝以及超声工具头作用于固体母材或者焊缝表面4种技术的各自特点及研究进展,着重分析了不同技术的设备特点及其对组织与力学性能的影响。最后对该方向的研究进展进行了总结,并对其发展前景和主要发展方向进行了展望。

There are more and more applications for ultrasonic field in the arc welding process. Ultrasound could effectively improve the arc shape, droplet transfer and weld rnicrostructure. Finally, the mechanical properties of welded joints are improved. The application of ultrasonic in the process of arc welding is mainly related to the method of ultrasonic application. Different ultrasonic application methods have different characteristics. Ultrasonic assisted arc welding can be divided into different types according to different ultrasonic input methods. This paper mainly reviewed the characteristics and the latest research progress of four ultrasonic assisted arc welding methods： arc ultrasonic technique, coaxial recombination of ultrasonic and arc, application of ultrasonic on welding wire or application of ultrasonic tool heads on solid base metal or weld surface. The characteristics of equipment, microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The research progress was summarized, and its development prospect and orientation was analvzed at last.