从民国家庭小说生态看《金瓶梅》的示范意义

The Exemplary Significance of The Golden Lotus from the Ecology of Family Novels during the Republic of China

《金瓶梅》打造了一幅市井社会的全息图像,突破之前家庭书写的零散状态,它以冷峻的笔调剖析家庭废墟上所弥漫着的悲凉之雾,反映了晚明社会的末世景象。在寄意时俗的遐想中去多维地透视社会、映照人生,《金瓶梅》复制出第一个具有中国意蕴的家庭典型环境,调动口语俗笔替市井细民写心,凸显了中国小说史上家庭视角的独特价值,引领后世小说贴近尘世时俗的写实趋向。民国文人承袭《金瓶梅》的家庭视角,对接启蒙和救亡的时代呼声,深度省视社会转型期的家庭生态,在民国机制的作用下实现家庭小说书写的古今演变,助推中国文学的现代化进程。

With a panoramic view of the civic society, The Golden Lotus has broken through the scattered state of previous family novel writing and mirrored the decadence of the late Ming Dynasty through an analysis of desolation shrouding family ruins in a composed style. By scrutinizing society and reflecting life in a multidimensional perspective, the novel has duplicated the first typical family environment with Chinese connotations and delved into the soul of ordinary townsfolk in an oral and commonplace manner, thus having highlighted the unique value of the fam- ily perspective in the Chinese novel history and pioneered the realistic trend of embodying reality and social customs for novels of later generations. By complying with the epochal call for enlightenment and national salvation and inheriting the family perspective of The Golden Lotus, literati in the Republic of China have delved into the family ecology during the social transition and realized the change from the ancient style to the modem one in the family novel writing by virtue of the mechanism of the Republic of China, thereby having boosted the modernization of Chinese literature.