‘鲁枣2号’和‘鲁枣6号’花药愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化

Callus Induction of Anther and Differentiation of Adventitious Buds in Jujube Cultivars 'Luzao 2' and 'Luzao 6'

为建立枣高效花药培养体系,获得再生植株,以‘鲁枣2号’及‘鲁枣6号’花药为外植体,利用L9(34)正交设计筛选适宜枣愈伤组织诱导的培养基;并以MS和WPM培养基添加不同浓度的TDZ,2,4-D,IAA,GA3试验了花药愈伤组织的分化能力。结果表明,适宜‘鲁枣2号’和‘鲁枣6号’花药愈伤组织诱导的培养基为1/4 MS,NAA的质量浓度0.3 mg·L^(-1),2,4-D的质量浓度1.5 mg·L^(-1),麦芽糖的质量浓度30.0 g·L-1;诱导得到3种类型的愈伤组织,其中黄白色致密愈伤组织分化能力强。在分化培养基MS,TDZ的质量浓度0.1 mg·L^(-1),IAA的质量浓度0.1 mg·L^(-1),GA3的质量浓度1.0 mg·L^(-1)和培养基WPM,KT的质量浓度0.2mg·L^(-1),IAA的质量浓度0.5 mg·L^(-1),GA3的质量浓度1.0 mg·L^(-1)上均能分化得到正常不定芽,分化率分别达80.0%~100.0%(‘鲁枣2号’)和41.7%~50.0%(‘鲁枣6号’)。建立了‘鲁枣2号’及‘鲁枣6号’花药培养体系,获得再生植株。

An efficient system of anther culture and adventitious bud regeneration in Jujube was established,to provide the basis for the research of ploidy and haploid breeding. The anther of Jujube Cultivar ‘Luzao 2＇and ‘Luzao 6＇was selected as the explants. The appropriate medium was screened for the induction of anther callus of jujube cultivar ‘Luzao 2＇and ‘Luzao 6 ＇by orthogonal design L9（ 34）. The differentiation ability from anther callus was examined by adding different concentrations of TDZ,2,4-D,IAA and GA3 into 1/2 MS and WPM. The results show that the optimal medium of anther callus induction of jujube was 1/4 MS,ρ（ NAA） = 0. 3 mg·L-1,ρ（ 2,4-D） = 1. 5 mg·L-1,ρ（ maltose） = 30 g·L-1. The yellow-white compact calli was better for adventitious buds differentiation and normal buds was produced on differentiation medium（ MS,ρ（ TDZ） = 0. 3 mg·L-1,ρ（ IAA） = 0. 1 mg·L-1,ρ（ GA3） = 1 mg·L-1 and WPM,ρ（ KT） = 0. 2 mg·L-1,ρ（ IAA） = 0. 5 mg·L-1,ρ（ GA3） = 1 mg·L-1）. The regeneration rate was 80. 0% ~ 100. 0%for ‘Luzao 2＇and 41. 7% ~ 50. 0% for ‘Luzao 6＇,respectively. An anther culture system of jujube was established successfully,and the regenerated plants were obtained.