不同静蹲状态对腿部肌群及腰多裂肌表面肌电信号的影响

Effects of different-states-squatting on surface electromyography of thigh muscles and lumbar multifidus muscle

目的观察靠墙及非靠墙状态下,不同屈膝角度静蹲训练时腿部肌群及腰多裂肌平均肌电振幅值(AEMG)的变化规律,探讨哪种状态下何种屈膝角度对静蹲训练效果更好。方法选取46例健康志愿者,采取重复测量设计的试验方法,分为靠墙静蹲组和非靠墙静蹲组,用表面肌电设备分别测试屈膝静蹲不同角度时(30°、45°、60°、75°)股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、腰多裂肌的AEMG信号,分析其变化规律。结果经重复测量方差分析,不同屈膝角度对所有被测肌肉AEMG均有极显著性影响(P<0.001);静蹲时是否靠墙对股二头肌AEMG有显著性影响(P<0.05),对股外侧肌、股内侧肌、腰多裂肌无显著影响。多重比较表明,75°屈膝静蹲时可以显著提高被检测肌肉AEMG水平。结论较大屈膝角度的静蹲训练可更好地激活股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、腰多裂肌;非靠墙静蹲训练,可以更好地提高股二头肌的肌肉激活水平。

Objective This work aimed to observe averaged electromyogram（AEMG）changes in surface electromyography（sEMG）of thigh muscles and lumbar multifidus muscles in different states of squat training. Then,to find out which is the most effective for squat training. Methods A total of 46 healthy volunteers were selected and divided into two groups,namely,with and without leaning against the wall.sEMG was used to record vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle,biceps femoris muscle,and lumbar multifidus muscles at differ-ent knee flexion angles（30°,45°,60°,and 75°）. AEMG was analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of vari-ance. Results Different knee flexion angles exerted significant effects on AEMG of all tested muscles（P 〈0.001）.Whether leaning against the wall to squat had a significant impact on AEMG of biceps femoris muscle,but not on vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles. Significant difference was detected in interactions of knee flexion angle,and the same to the factor of with and without leaning against the wall on examined AEMG of the thigh muscle,but not for lumbar multifidus muscles. Multiple comparisons showed,the AEMG level of the tested muscles was significantly increased when the knee flexion angles was 75°. Conclusions With increased knee flexion angle,muscle activation has enheanced for vastus lateralis muscle, vastus medialis muscle,biceps femoris muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles. Squatting without leaning against the wall exerts a more marked influence on activation of biceps femoris muscle,but no activation for vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles.