有急回运动特性的曲柄滑块机构校正图解法

Calibration Graphic Method of Crank-Slider Mechanism with Rapid Backward Movement

在机械设备中具有急回运动特性的四杆机构应用广泛,而图解法具有快捷、实用的特点,特别是运用现代三维软件草图功能或几何画板类的软件做图求解,具有高精度、高效率、易操作等优点,因此对其进行深入研究具有重要意义。本文提出的曲柄滑块机构校正图解法,是在已知行程速比系数、滑块两次极限位置及曲柄长度(或连杆长度)的条件下进行的图解设计及校正方法。使用该方法不仅可以方便做图求解曲柄滑块机构各杆长,而且可以起到校正前期做图的误差或错误,进而提高做图及求解精度。

The four-bar mechanism with quick-motion feature in mechanical equipment is widely used, and the graphic method is quick and practical. Especially the software that uses the modern three-dimensional software sketch function or geometrical drawing board to do figure drawing has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, easy operation and so on. So it is of great significance to study it in depth. In this paper, the calibration diagram of the crank-slider mechanism is a graphic design and calibration method based on the knowledge of coefficient of travel speed variation and limit position of two times of the slider and the length of the crank（or the length of the connecting rod）. Using this method not only makes it easy to figure out the bar length of the crank-slider mechanism, but also can calibrate or correct the error of the previous figure and improve the accuracy of the drawing and the solution.