失独家庭夫妇生活质量和心理卫生状况对照研究

Comparative study on living quality and mental health status in losing-single-child family couples

目的研究失独家庭夫妇生活质量和心理卫生状况。方法随机抽取重庆市主城的3个区内符合入组条件的失独家庭夫妇841名(失独家庭组)和子女健在家庭夫妇674名(正常家庭组),以一般情况调查表和症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSH)及WHO生活质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版等量表为评定工具进行现场调查。结果两组家庭夫妇在性别、年龄、文化等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);失独家庭组SCL-90总分及各因子得分、SAS和SDS得分均明显高于正常家庭组(P<0.05),SSRS、MUNSH及WHOQOL-BREF中文版测评得分则明显低于正常家庭组(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析表明,社会关系领域、环境领域、抑郁因子和总幸福度4个回归方程差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论失独家庭夫妇生活质量、心理卫生状况和主观幸福感都受到明显影响,应给予及时的心理危机干预及持续心理支持和心理健康教育,改善其心理卫生状况,提高生活质量和主观幸福感。

Objective To study the living quality and mental health status in losing-single-child family couples.Methods A total of 841 losing-single-child family couples and 674 family couples with children alive conforming to the entering group condition were random sampled from the three districts of Chongqing main city.The on-site survey was performed by using the general condition questionnaire,90 Symptom Checklist（SCL-90）,Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）,Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）,Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness（MUNSH）and WHO Quality of Life Scale（WHOQOL-BREF）Chinese version.Results There were no differences in gender,age and culture between the losing-singlechild family couples group and family couples with children alive group（P〉0.05）;the SCL-90 total score and each factor score,SAS and SDS score in the losing-single-child family couples group were significantly higher than those in family couples with children alive group（P〈0.05）,the SSRS score,MUNSH score and WHOQOL-BREF Chinese version evaluation score were significantly lower than those in the family couples with children alive group（P〈0.05）;the multivariate regression analysis showed that the four regression equations in the social relation field,environment field,depression factors and total happiness had statistical significance（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The living quality,mental health status and subjective well-being in the losing-single-child family couples are significantly affected,timely psychological crisis intervention and persistent psychological support and mental health education should be give them to improve their psychological health status,increase the living quality and subjective well-being.