电解车间酸雾收集方案的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Acid Mist Collection Scheme in Electrolytic Workshop

电解车间生产时,电解槽散发废气物形成酸雾对厂区设施及周围环境造成极大危害.建立了湘潭某电解车间气流模拟二维物理模型,对车间内设计了"一侧机械送风,一侧机械排风"、"下两侧自然进风,顶2排机械排风"、"下两侧自然进风,顶4排机械排风"3种酸雾收集方案,通过数值模拟对3种方案进行优选.研究结果表明:采用方案一时,厂房内废气物掺混程度大,废气物浓度普遍在170 mg/m^3以上、温度普遍在321 K以上且未形成负压,而采用方案二和方案三时,废气物的浓度大体在110 mg/m^3之间,温度大体在309 K之间且都形成了负压,方案三较方案二控制范围更广且形成的负压更明显.因此,在对电解车间酸雾收集时,设计跟电解槽对应排数的顶部排风口收集效果更好.

When the electrolytic workshop produces,the electrolytic tank emitting waste gas has formed acid mist causing great harm to the plant facilities and surrounding environment. A two-dimensional physical model for the simulation of gas flow is established about an electrolytic workshop in Xiangtan. The three acid mist collection schemes for the workshop are designed,that is " one side of the machinery supplies air,the other side of the machinery exhausts air," " from beneath two sides the natural air comes in,the top two rows of machinery exhaust air," " from beneath two sides the natural air comes in,the top four rows of machinery exhaust air". The above three schemes are optimized by numerical simulation. Results show that when the first scheme is used,the mixing degree of waste gas is larger in the workshop,the concentration of the waste gas is more than 170 mg/m^3,and the temperature is above 321 K and no negative pressure is formed. But when the second or the third scheme is used,the concentration of the waste gas is roughly between 110 mg/m^3,and the temperature is generally between 309 K and a negative pressure is formed. The third scheme has a wider control range than the second one,and the negative pressure is more obvious. Therefore,at the time of collection of acid mist in the electrolysis workshop,the collection effect of the design with the corresponding number at the top of the exhaust outlet is better.