PCNL患者围手术期并发症的相关因素分析及针对性护理对策

Analysis of related factors and targeted nursing countermeasures for perioperative complications of PCNL patients

目的:探讨影响经皮肾镜技术(PCNL)患者围手术期并发症的相关因素分析及针对性护理对策。方法:选取我院2013-09~2015-09收治的60例PCNL患者进行前瞻性研究,给予针对性护理对策,选取我院2012-03~2013-08收治的75例PCNL患者进行回顾性研究,分析PCNL患者围手术期并发症的相关因素及使用针对性护理对策的效果。结果:135例PCNL患者中发生并发症的有12例,发生率为8.89%。;PCNL患者年龄的大小、术前尿培养阴性或阳性、手术持续时间长短、结石直径的大小、不同的结石形状、术中出血量以及术中灌注液体量的多少均能影响围手术期并发症发生率(P<0.05);采取针对性护理对策后PCNL患者围手术期并发症发生率均低于采取针对性护理对策前。结论:影响PCNL患者围手术期并发症的相关因素有年龄过高、术前尿培养阳性、结石过大、鹿角形结石、手术时间过长、术中出血量过多、术中大量灌注液体,针对性护理对策能有效降低PCNL患者围手术期并发症发生率。

Objective: To discuss the related factors and targeted nursing countermeasures for perioperative complications of Percutaneous nephrolithotomy( PCNL) patients. Methods: 60 PCNL patients for prospective study were selected from our hospital between September 2008 and September 2013 and were carried on targeted nursing policy. 75 PCNL patients for retrospective study were selected from our hospital between March 2012 and August 2013. The related factors of perioperative complications in patients with PCNL and the effect of targeted nursing countermeasures were analyzed. Results: There were 12 cases of complications in 135 patients with PCNL. The incidence rate was 8. 89%; PCNL patient's age,negative or positive preoperative urine culture,operation duration,diameter and shape of stone,the amount of intraoperative blood loss,and the amount of fluid infused during operation can affect the incidence of perioperative complications( P < 0. 05); The incidence of perioperative complications in patients with PCNL after targeted nursing measures was lower than that before taking targeted nursing measures. Conclusion: The related factors of perioperative complications in patients with PCNL included age,preoperative positive urine culture,the size and shape of stone,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative massive excessive perfusion liquid. The targeted nursing policy can effectively reduce the incidence of perioperative complications in PCNL patients.