医养结合如何吸纳社会资本--基于Z市的案例研究

How Medical-Nursing Model Absorbs Social Capital——A Case Study on Z City

社会资本进入医养结合模式对满足社会养老需求、促进社会福利体制与医疗卫生体制的改革具有积极意义。然而在这一模式下,社会资本的进入与发展面临投资融资难度大、政策落实难、行政审批复杂、医护人员短缺等问题。从Z市医养结合机构L的调研中可以发现,医养结合机构的良好运行源于其投资人在资金规模和专业背景方面的显著优势以及由此争取到的政策支持和市场信任。基于这种成功经验的局限性,可以从医养结合模式吸纳社会资本所依托的压力型体制入手,从政策"安排者—承接者—消费者"的路径切入,在机构享受政策的平等性、医护人员配置的合理性、满足老人需求的多元性等方面进一步提升政策实施的有效性。

Absorbing social capital to fund the u Medical-Nursing Complexn is of great significance to meet the needs of caring the aged people,reforming China＇s social welfare and medical- health care systems. However,the entry of social capital has been seriously inhibited by challenges such as difficulty in investment and financing,difficult implementation of policies,complex administrative ex-amination and approval,and shortage of medical staff. Based on the investigation of L institution in Z city,the researchers find that the successful operation of medical-nursing institutions comes from the significant advantages of investors in terms of fund size and profes-sional background,and the policy support and market trust they win. By analyzing the administrative pressure structure that underpins the operation of this ” Medical-Nursing Complex”,this study acknowledges the limitations of its success and further proposes a ” Desig-ner - Actor - Consumer” approach to infonn future policy practice in improving effectiveness in terms of institutional equality,the ra-tionality of medical staffing, and the diversity of elderly needs.