论曹魏经学

On the Confucianism of Cao Wei of Three Kingdoms

曹魏是汉末经学衰落后崛起的新变期,不仅产生了《中经》大型经学类书,而且可考的经学著作128种。在学术渊源上,或源于汉末官学,或源于汉末私学,与汉代经学有直接或间接联系。然而,曹魏经学在继承中凸显新变。由今文转向古文经学,由古文转向玄学经学,是魏晋学风演变的核心。从青州之学形成,到荆州之学衰落,标志着汉末经学的结束;从王肃经学始盛,到何王新学勃兴,标志着曹魏经学的形成与转变。理论形态上,多元并存,以古文经学为主;传承方式上,太学衰落,地方之学、私学发达;发展过程中,互相驳难,因袭与创新并存;学术版图上,边鄙经学发达,中原经学寥落,呈现出由边鄙向中原辐射的发展态势。

Cao Wei Period was a new age for Confucianism after the decline of Confucianism in the late Han Dynasty. In addition to the grand work The Middle Classics produced,there were 128 works of Confucian classics study during Cao Wei Period. In the academic origin,Cao Wei Confucianism has direct or indirect connection with that of Han Dynasty. However,Cao Wei Confucianism presents new changes in the inheritance. The core of the evolution of study style in Wei and Jin Dynasties was that Confucian classics studies changed from recent texts to earlier texts and then to metaphysical texts. The period from the formation of Qingzhou School to the decline of Jingzhou School marked the end of Confucian Studies in the late Han Dynasty. From the beginning of Wang Su's study to the prosperity of He Yan's and Wang Bi's study,the Confucian classics study of Cao Wei Period was formed and transformed. In the theoretical form,earlier texts were the main form in the coexistence of multi-texts. In the way of inheritance,the imperial college declined while the local and private schools developed. In the process of development,inheritance and innovation coexisted. And on the academic map,the development trend of radiation from the side to the central plains was presented because of the advancement of Confucianism in sided areas and the decline of that in central plains.