探析年龄、疾病和迷信因素对苗族婚姻的影响——以凯棠苗族为例

The Analysis of Influence of Age, Disease and Superstition Factors for Hmong Marriage

苗族婚姻的缔结受到很多因素的影响,除了众所周知的同宗不婚、姨表不婚、舅霸姑婚等因素外,年龄、疾病、迷信因素也是影响婚姻缔结的重要元素。以黔东南州凯里市凯棠苗族为案例,具体分析年龄、疾病(尤其是麻风病)、迷信因素(如,蛊毒、酿鬼、卜卦不吉、相貌不吉、历史上开亲不顺)是如何影响苗族的婚姻缔结的,以期让读者明白正是由于这些因素造就了苗族独特的婚姻圈和人际关系,从而更全面地认识苗族的婚姻文化乃至整个苗族文化。

Hmong＇s marriage conclusion is affected by many factors, except for non-clan marriage、maternal cousin no marriage、the priority right to marry aunt＇s daughter for uncle＇s son,age、disease and superstition factor are important elements for marriage＇s conclusion. In this paper, the author takes Kaitang Hmong of Kail Li city in southeast Guizhou, specifically analyzes how age, disease（especially leprosy）, superstition factors（eg, insanity, stuffed ghosts, divination inauspicious, ominous appearance, the ominous history of marriage） affect the Hmong marriage＇s conclusion,which enable readers to understand precisely that these factors contributes to the Hmong＇s unique rings and marriage relationships, thus a more comprehensive understanding of the Hmong culture of marriage and the whole Hmong culture.