北京市海淀区2013-2015年不同生境淡色库蚊种群密度分析

Analysis on population density of Culex pipiens pallens in different habitats in Haidian District from 2013 to 2015

目的了解海淀区不同生态环境中淡色库蚊种群密度与季节消长,为制定蚊虫防治方案提供科学依据。方法采用CO2诱蚊灯法监测4类生态环境中淡色库蚊密度。结果海淀区2013—2015年4类生境8处监测点的淡色库蚊密度全年密度变化整体呈单峰型曲线,3年间月平均密度高峰均出现在7月,密度高峰值分别为2.58、3.97和2.58只/(台·h);3年间库蚊月平均密度差异无统计学意义(F=0.304,P=0.743);2013—2015每年不同生境捕获淡色库蚊的月平均密度差异均无统计学意义(F=0.171,P=0.914;F=0.630,P=0.604;F=2.400,P=0.098)。结论海淀区4类生境淡色库蚊年消长情况基本一致,7—8月间是成蚊密度的高峰期,建议在高峰来临前及早开展防治措施,降低蚊虫密度,防止虫媒疾病的发生。

Objective To understand the population the density and seasonality of Culex pipiens pallens in different ecological environments in Haidian District,and provide scientific evidence for the government to develop the mosquito control programs.Methods The density of Culex pipiens pallens was monitored by the CO2 mosquito trapping lamps.Results Changes in density of Culex pipiens pallens from 2013 to 2015 were obtained from monitoring 4 types of habitat including 8 monitoring points in Haidian District. It showed that the overall density of Culex pipiens pallens displayed a single peak curve in each year.The monthly average density peak occurred in July during the 3 years and the density were 2. 58,3. 97 and 2. 58 insects per lamp and one hour respectively. There was little difference in the monthly average density of Culex pipiens pallens among the 3 years（ F = 0. 304,P = 0. 743）; and no significant difference was found in the monthly average density of Culex pipiens pallens among 2013,2014 and 2015 in different habitats（ F = 0. 171,P = 0. 914; F = 0. 630,P = 0. 604; F = 2. 400,P = 0. 098）. Conclusion Annual fluctuation of Culex pipiens pallens density is basically the same in 4 types of habitat in Haidian District. The peak of Culex pipiens pallens density appeared in July and August. In order to reduce the mosquito density and prevent the occurrence of insect borne diseases,it is suggested to carry out prevention and control measures before the peak.